diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index facc4a1d0031..c7bcb9a040fd 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ PHP                                                                        NEWS
 - DOM:
   . Fixed bug GH-25268 (NULL php_libxml_ref_obj dereference in
     dom_objects_store_clone_obj when cloning Dom\Notation). (David Carlier)
+  . Fixed CSS selectors checking only the nearest element for a descendant or
+    subsequent-sibling combinator after a compound selector that starts with
+    :is(), :where(), :not(), :has() or :nth-child(An+B of S), by merging
+    lexbor/lexbor@f6c1d06. (phcorp)
 
 - MBString:
   . Fixed stack overflow in mb_check_encoding() and mb_convert_encoding() with
diff --git a/ext/dom/lexbor/lexbor/selectors-adapted/selectors.c b/ext/dom/lexbor/lexbor/selectors-adapted/selectors.c
index 3f16ccfa5f5a..19e1c1523c0b 100644
--- a/ext/dom/lexbor/lexbor/selectors-adapted/selectors.c
+++ b/ext/dom/lexbor/lexbor/selectors-adapted/selectors.c
@@ -189,6 +189,10 @@ static lxb_selectors_entry_t *
 lxb_selectors_state_find(lxb_selectors_t *selectors,
 						 lxb_selectors_entry_t *entry);
 
+static lxb_selectors_entry_t *
+lxb_selectors_state_find_forward(lxb_selectors_t *selectors,
+								 lxb_selectors_entry_t *entry);
+
 static lxb_selectors_entry_t *
 lxb_selectors_state_found_check(lxb_selectors_t *selectors,
 								lxb_selectors_entry_t *entry);
@@ -673,6 +677,29 @@ lxb_inline void
 lxb_selectors_switch_to_not_found(lxb_selectors_t *selectors,
 								  lxb_selectors_nested_t *current)
 {
+	lxb_css_selector_combinator_t combinator;
+
+	combinator = current->entry->combinator;
+
+	/*
+	 * A nested selector rejected this candidate. Continue the combinator
+	 * before backtracking to another entry.
+	 */
+	if (combinator == LXB_CSS_SELECTOR_COMBINATOR_DESCENDANT
+		|| combinator == LXB_CSS_SELECTOR_COMBINATOR_FOLLOWING
+		|| (current->forward
+			&& combinator == LXB_CSS_SELECTOR_COMBINATOR_CHILD))
+	{
+		if (current->forward) {
+			selectors->state = lxb_selectors_state_find_forward;
+		}
+		else {
+			selectors->state = lxb_selectors_state_find;
+		}
+
+		return;
+	}
+
 	if (current->forward) {
 		selectors->state = lxb_selectors_state_not_found_forward;
 	}
diff --git a/ext/dom/tests/modern/css_selectors/lexbor436.phpt b/ext/dom/tests/modern/css_selectors/lexbor436.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..95ab6e765f1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/dom/tests/modern/css_selectors/lexbor436.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+--TEST--
+Lexbor #436 (combinator after a compound-leading selector-taking pseudo-class checks only one element)
+--EXTENSIONS--
+dom
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+$siblings = Dom\HTMLDocument::createFromString(
+    '<!DOCTYPE html><div><x></x><y></y><z></z><w></w></div>'
+);
+$nested = Dom\HTMLDocument::createFromString(
+    '<!DOCTYPE html><ul><li>a<ol><li>b</li></ol></li></ul>'
+);
+
+$cases = [
+    [$siblings, 'div > :is(y) ~ *'],
+    [$siblings, 'div > :where(y) ~ *'],
+    [$nested, ':is(ul) li'],
+    [$nested, ':where(ul) li'],
+    [$nested, ':not(ol) li'],
+    [$nested, ':has(> li > ol) li'],
+    [$nested, ':nth-child(1 of ul) li'],
+    [$nested, 'body :is(li) li'],
+];
+
+foreach ($cases as [$dom, $selector]) {
+    $result = [];
+    foreach ($dom->querySelectorAll($selector) as $node) {
+        $result[] = $node->localName . '(' . trim($node->firstChild?->textContent ?? '') . ')';
+    }
+    echo $selector, ': ', implode(' ', $result), "\n";
+}
+
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+div > :is(y) ~ *: z() w()
+div > :where(y) ~ *: z() w()
+:is(ul) li: li(a) li(b)
+:where(ul) li: li(a) li(b)
+:not(ol) li: li(a) li(b)
+:has(> li > ol) li: li(a) li(b)
+:nth-child(1 of ul) li: li(a) li(b)
+body :is(li) li: li(b)